๐Ÿ“– [Theory] ๐Ÿ’ป Scale-up & Scale-out

๐Ÿ’ป [Theory] ์Šค์ผ€์ผ ์—…(Scale-up)๊ณผ ์Šค์ผ€์ผ ์•„์›ƒ(Scale-out)

์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๐Ÿ‘‹

์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์„œ๋ฒ„์— ๋Œ€์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์ด ๋ชฐ๋ ค ์„œ๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์šด์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์‹  ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์„œ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋‹ค ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ด์œ ๋กœ 

๊ธฐ์กด ์„œ๋ฒ„๋กœ๋Š” ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํž˜๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ์š” ์ด๋Ÿด ๋•Œ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ํ™•์žฅ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ํ™•์žฅ์˜ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ธ Scale-up ๊ณผ Scale-out ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

1. Scale-up ์ด๋ž€?

Scale-up ์ด๋ž€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ์ž์ฒด์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฆ‰ ๊ธฐ์กด ์„œ๋ฒ„์— ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ ค ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณดํ†ต ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ

์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๋†“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ˆ˜์ง ์Šค์ผ€์ผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

* Scale-up ๋‹จ์ 

Scale-up์˜ ๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์ปจํŠธ๋กค๋Ÿฌ์˜ ํ™•์žฅ์„ฑ ํ•œ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ, ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ํ™•์žฅ ์ œํ•œ์—
๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์ƒˆ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์ด๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋น„์šฉ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2. Scale-out ์ด๋ž€?

Scale-out ์ด๋ž€ ์„œ๋ฒ„์˜ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ ค์„œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Scale-out์€ Scale-up์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™•์žฅ์ด ์œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ˆ˜ํ‰ ์Šค์ผ€์ผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

* Scale-out ๋‹จ์ 

Scale-out ์˜ ๋‹จ์ ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋…ธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ ์ปดํ“จํŒ… ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ 
์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•„ํ‚คํ…์ฒ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋†’์€ ์ดํ•ด๋„๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ํ•œ
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋…ธ๋“œ์— ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์„ ๊ท ๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋กœ๋“œ ๋ฐธ๋Ÿฐ์‹ฑ (load balancing)์ด
ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์˜ ์ž ์žฌ ์›์ธ๋„ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

3. Scale-up , Scale-out ์ •๋ฆฌ

comparison

Scale-up ๊ณผ Scale-out ๋‘˜๋‹ค ์„œ๋ฒ„ ํ™•์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ฉฐ
๋‘ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋”์šฑ ์ข‹๋‹ค๋ผ๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•ด
์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ์ ธ๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ์–ด๋–ค ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์„œ ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” scale-out์ด scale-up ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ,
๋น„์šฉ๋„ ์ €๋ ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์˜ ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํ•œ ๊ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ OLTP(์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ํŠธ๋žœ์žญ์…˜)์—์„œ๋Š”
scale-out๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” scale-up์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋

์„œ๋ฒ„ ํ™•์žฅ์‹œ ์ด์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ธ
Scale-up ๊ณผ Scale-out์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๐Ÿ™

Reference

https://tech.gluesys.com/blog/2020/02/17/storage_3_intro.html

https://toma0912.tistory.com/87

Written on July 7, 2020